Today, in almost all countries of the world and their economies, the use of information technology for economic progress and development of human resources is universally accepted. The process of sharing information and information through a computer is happening today. In this chapter, we will discuss about the generation of computers. In which there have been some changes according to the time. A computer is an electronic machine. Come and go
A different phase of the development of a computer, when there is a major change in technology, is called generation. Major technological developments in each generation led to smaller, cheaper, more powerful and more efficient and reliable computers. To date there are five generations of computers. Let us expand the generation of computers a bit.
Learned something about first generation computers - First generation computers used vacuum tubes and magnetic drums for memory. A computer was built that occupied a lot of space. Parts related to it were very expensive. That computer used to run with more electricity. That computer emitted a lot of heat.
A different phase of the development of a computer, when there is a major change in technology, is called generation. Major technological developments in each generation led to smaller, cheaper, more powerful and more efficient and reliable computers. To date there are five generations of computers. Let us expand the generation of computers a bit.
Following are the five generations of computer.
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First Generation- 1940-1956 : Vacuum Tubes
Second Generation- 1956-1963: Transistors
Second generation computers used transistor and magnetic core memory. This computer was smaller and faster than the size of the first generation computers. Cheap computers from first generation computers made into second generation. In a span of ten years, transistors that were more efficient and cheaper replaced valves.Third Generation- 1964-1971: Integrated Circuits
The third generation computer was built using Integrated Circuit (IC). An integrated circuit is also called a chip. A small electronic device made of a special material (semiconductor material). ICs can have more than one lakh electronic components per chip. They were faster and efficient than second generation computers. For the first time, computers were made available to the general public because they were smaller and cheaper than computers of earlier generations. Users communicated with the computer using a keyboard and monitor. They used the operating system, allowing many different applications to run at the same time.Fourth Generation-1971-Present: Microprocessors
The fourth generation computers used microprocessors. Fourth generation computer in use VLSI and ULSI that could fit thousands of components into a single chip. They are smaller, energy efficient and more reliable than the earlier generation of computer. its computer extremely powerful amd can process millions of instructions in a fraction of second. In 1981 IBM introduced its first computer for the home user, and in 1984 Apple introduced the macintosh.
Fifth Generation- Present and Beyond: Artificial Intelligence
The fifth generation computer tries to infuse intelligence into computer. The development of These computers is still in its infancy, Artificial intelligence is the branch of computer science that deals with making the computers think and take decisions like various speech recognition system and robots.
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